IL-2 also drives the development of CD4 +FOXP3 + regulatory T cells (Treg cells), which have suppressor function and mediate tolerance ( Littman and Rudensky, 2010 Sakaguchi et al., 2008 Shevach, 2009). JAK3 is not shown as it interacts with the cytoplasmic domain of γ c however, mutations in JAK3, as noted in the text, cause a T −B +NK − for SCID, like XSCID.īesides its potent T-cell growth factor activity, IL-2 induces proliferation of natural killer (NK) cells and augments their cytolytic activity as well as that of lymphokine-activated killer cells ( Siegel et al., 1987), promotes antibody production and proliferation by B cells ( Mingari et al., 1984), and is essential for activation-induced cell death (AICD), which is important for homeostasis and the elimination of potentially harmful auto-reactive cells, at least in part by a Fas and FasL-dependent mechanism ( Lenardo et al., 1999). Crosses in red indicate that mutation of IL2RG gene, which encodes γ c, results in X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency in humans (XSCID, where both T cells and NK cells are greatly diminished ), mutation of IL2RA results in an autoimmune syndrome, defective expression of IL2RB results in NK-deficient SCID (where T and B cells remain ), and mutation of IL7R causes T-cell selective form of SCID, where B and NK cell numbers are normal (T −B +NK + SCID). Author of eBook Number Ones: The Substitute Wife, Magnificent Pretense, Captivated, Ganymede 4, West Texas Rivalry, Taken, The Christmas Bottom, The Party Favor, Stupid Jocks Make the Best Submissives, College Endowment, Who Wears the Pants in the Family?, Saving Drake McKenzie, Heisting Hogan, Half Past Midnight, Crossroads, and Man of the House.Shown are the receptors for IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15, and IL-21, as well as major actions for these cytokines.
Author of Homecoming: International Number One in four countries: The United States, The United Kingdom, Germany and Canada. With a tendency toward the melodramatic, he does more than arouse or excite the reader - he engages them.Author of Homecoming: International Number One in four countries: The United States, The United Kingdom, Germany and Canada. And he has a knack for uncovering love and romance in the darkest of places. The fantasies that he shares are full of adventure, peril, bondage, and a dry wit. Keegan is fascinated with the natural power exchanges between dominant and submissive males, and his stories reflect that fascination. He's a self-described, ‘aging, former sex symbol’ with a kinky imagination. view more Originally hailing from Mississippi, Keegan Kennedy is a writer based out of Memphis, TN. Originally hailing from Mississippi, Keegan Kennedy is a writer based out of Memphis, TN.
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